With few democratic institutions the gap between supposed mission and actual role could hardly be any larger than with the news media. The news media is expected to play a crucial role in a democracy by providing citizens with the information they need to make informed decisions about their lives and the society they live...
In the late nineteenth century, Japan underwent a period of significant transformation marked by political and social changes. One key aspect of this transformation was the introduction of compulsory education by the Meiji government in 1872. While compulsory education primarily targeted on men to bolster national security, women were encouraged to acquire practical skills for...